ASTM A249 Stainless Steel Tube Straight Seam Welded Pipe For Boiler Heat-Exchanger
Introduction
ASTM A249 is a specification that covers nominal-wall-thickness welded tubes made of austenitic stainless steel for use in boilers, superheaters, heat exchangers, and condensers. It specifically focuses on straight seam welded pipes used in high-temperature applications.
Material and Specification
The ASTM A249 stainless steel tube is made from austenitic stainless steel grades such as TP304, TP304L, TP316, and TP316L. These grades provide excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and good mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. The tubes are produced with a nominal wall thickness ranging from 0.020 inches (0.51 mm) to 0.220 inches (5.59 mm), and outer diameters ranging from 0.5 inches (12.7 mm) to 5 inches (127 mm).
Key Features
- High corrosion resistance: The austenitic stainless steel grades used in ASTM A249 tubes provide excellent resistance to a wide range of corrosive environments, including those containing acids, alkalis, and chlorides.
- Superior heat transfer: The straight seam welded pipes allow efficient heat transfer due to their smooth internal surface.
- Exceptional mechanical properties at high temperatures: These tubes offer good strength and toughness at elevated temperatures, making them suitable for use in boilers and heat exchangers.
- Easy fabrication and installation: ASTM A249 tubes can be readily welded, bent, flanged, and formed to meet specific requirements.
Chemical Composition
| Grade | C(max) | Mn(max) | P(max) | S(max) | Si(max) | Cr | Ni | Mo | N |
| TP304 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 18-20 | 8-11 | - | - |
| TP304L | 0.035 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 18-20 | 8-12 | - | - |
| TP316 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 16-18 | 11-14 | 2-3 | 0.10 |
| TP316L | 0.035 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 16-18 | 10-14 | 2-3 | 0.10 |
Mechanical Properties
| Grade | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
| TP304 | >515 | >205 | >35 |
| TP304L | >485 | >170 | >35 |
| TP316 | >515 | >205 | >35 |
| TP316L | >485 | >170 | >35 |
Steel Grade
The steel grades used in ASTM A249 are TP304, TP304L, TP316, and TP316L. These grades are widely recognized and extensively used in various industries for their exceptional properties and performance.
Application
ASTM A249 stainless steel tubes are primarily used in boiler systems, heat exchangers, and condensers. They are suitable for applications involving high temperatures and corrosive environments. These tubes are commonly employed in industries such as chemical, petrochemical, power generation, and food processing.
Possible Alternative Grades
While the ASTM A249 specification focuses on TP304, TP304L, TP316, and TP316L grades, there are alternative grades that can be considered for specific applications. Some potential alternatives include:
- TP321: This grade offers improved resistance to intergranular corrosion and performs well in high-temperature applications. It contains stabilized titanium and is particularly suitable for use in welded equipment operating at high temperatures.
- TP317: Featuring higher molybdenum and chromium content, TP317 offers enhanced resistance to corrosion, especially in acidic chloride environments. This grade is well-suited for applications in the chemical industry.
When considering alternative grades, it is important to evaluate their specific properties and compatibility with the intended application before making a selection.
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